A burn is an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat or due to radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction or contact with chemicals. Thermal (heat) burns occur when some or all of the cells in the skin or other tissues are destroyed by: hot liquids (scalds)
Burns can range from 1st to 4th degree. 1st-skin is red but not blistered. 2nd-blisters and some thickening. 3rd- widespread thickening and a leathery white appearance. 4th-most severe and burns to the bone.
First-degree burns are mild (like most sunburns). The top layer of skin (epidermis) turns red and is painful but doesn’t typically blister.
Second-degree burns affect skin’s top and lower layers (dermis). You may experience pain, redness, swelling and blistering.
Third-degree burns affect all three skin layers: epidermis, dermis and fat. The burn also destroys hair follicles and sweat glands. Because third-degree burns damage nerve endings, you probably won’t feel pain in the area of the burn itself, rather adjacent to it. Burned skin may be black, white or red with a leathery appearance.
Fourth-degree burns are most severe and burns to the bone.
Several things can result in a burn. The most frequent causes of burns are thermal sources like fire, hot liquids, steam, and contact with hot surfaces. Additional factors include being exposed to:
Chemicals, such as cement, acids or drain cleaners
Radiation
Electricity
Sun (ultraviolet or UV light)
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